Determinants of E-Government Development: Global Evidence and Policy Implications for Vietnam

DETERMINANTS OF E-GOVERNMENT DEVELOPMENT: GLOBAL EVIDENCE AND POLICY LESSONS FOR VIETNAM

Nguyen Dinh Hoang, M.A¹, Tran Ha Thu, M.A²

¹VNU University of Economics and Business, Vietnam National University, Hanoi

²VPBank Securities Joint Stock Company

Corresponding Author: nguyendinhhoang@vnu.edu.vn

Ngày nhận: 12/03/2026

Ngày nhận bản sửa: 18/4/2026

Ngày duyệt đăng: 24/4/2026

DOI: 10.71192/707192mhxwpz

Abstract

E-government has become a key instrument for modernizing public administration and delivering digital public services. This study investigates the determinants of e-government development using the E-Government Development Index (EGDI) and cross-country data for 177 countries in 2024, compiled from the United Nations, the World Bank, and WIPO. Multiple linear regression and Bayesian Belief Networks (BBNs) are employed to assess the effects of economic, institutional, and technological factors. The results indicate that innovation capacity, government effectiveness, and urbanization exert positive and statistically significant impacts on EGDI, whereas GDP per capita and inflation show no statistically significant effects. The BBN sensitivity analysis further suggests that government effectiveness and innovation capacity are the most influential determinants. These findings imply that digital government development depends not only on economic resources, but also on governance quality and technological capability. For Vietnam, the results point to three priority actions: improving government effectiveness, strengthening innovation capacity, and expanding digital infrastructure to accelerate the delivery of digital public services..

Keywords: E-Government, EGDI, innovation, governance, urbanization, Vietnam.

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